Sugumaran Narayanan
Historically, Southeast Asia has been among the most peaceful regions of the world. In the last sixty years, however, the populations of Southeast Asia have been torn apart by ravaging civil wars. What could be causing the high number of ethno-religious civil wars in Southeast Asia? To understand this, I use three different methods, two of which I have already employed in previous researches—quantitative (statistical) and traditional case studies. The third, using personal interviews with direct participants of conflict, is the focus of this study. This, combined with the results obtained from the other two methods, will highlight the causes of civil wars in Southeast Asia. While a number of studies have attempted to answer the race-religion-civil war nexus puzzle (none have used all three methods—quantitative, traditional case studies, and personal interviews), and none has specifically addressed Southeast Asian civil wars using all three methods.
Faradji Mohamed Akli
According to the basic definitions, sociology is a science that always seeks to explain the hidden meaning of social phenomena. This orientation is versed to unveil the facts of social reality. So the role of the sociologists is to objectively explain this reality, this is also a scientific researcher completed by theoretical concepts and empirical methodology. The sense of curiosity for him is a weapon of the dice covered research .As it is also the scientist who uses legitimate tools of clarification and objective explanation of observable facts by questionable results as a scientific researcher filled and critically. Our communication tries to analyze Algerian sociology according to major transformations of society and respectful mutations experienced by the society in recent year’s evolution. In this way, our main interrogation attempt to verify the initial hypothesis which consists in saying that the academic discourse in sociology in Algeria is far from the concerns of society, or rather knowledge away from the training system of the same discipline.
Zarina Md Nor, Nur Zhafirah Mohamad, Suresh Kumar N Vellymalay
Single mother households are often associated with financial hardships as they have lost financial support from the spouse upon divorce. This preliminary study presents the story of hardships among 12 selected single mothers with children in Kelantan. A survey questions has been distributed and the descriptive data has been collected and analyzed with their consent. We find that demographic and socio-economic factors play important roles in the financial wellbeing of the respondents whereby the low education attainment seems to cause the respondents to have low paying jobs exacerbated by more than average number of children in the households and an absence or irregularity of child support payments from their former husband. Hence, the findings further highlight the additional burden faced by the single mothers due to unavailability child support payment for various reasons. It is important to note that the income of all of our respondents fall under the minimum wage of the country therefore they are considered poor and very poor from per capita point of view. Poverty and hardships come hand in hand therefore public assistance in the form of cash and housing arrangements have somehow reduced the burden of single mothers in this study. Consequently, we believe that this brief study has invoke more questions that warrant further studies on many topics involving single mother households such as child support, child poverty and financial and economic wellbeing of single mothers households in Malaysia. So where do we start?
Abdulaziz Shehu , Shaufique F. Sidique
High incidence of poverty in sub Saharan Africa and other parts of developing countries has clearly shown that that a lot have to be done towards the accomplishment of sustainable development goal (SDG) of poverty eradication by the year 2030. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of diversification on poverty reduction among farm households in rural Nigeria with a view to proffer possible suggestions on how to achieve sustainable development goal on poverty eradication by 2030. The study used per capita consumption expenditure as a measure of economic wellbeing as well as poverty status. Data on the third wave of the Nigerian General Household Survey (GHS) with a nationally representative sample of 3,256 panel rural households conducted by the Nigerian Bureau of Statistics in collaboration with the World Bank in 2015/2016 was used for the study which was analysed using propensity score matching approach. The matching results revealed that diversification has a positive and significant effect on the household wellbeing irrespective of their poverty status. However, diversification contributes more to the wellbeing of the non-poor households than the poor ones. In the light of the foregoing, the study recommends that sustainable development policies seeking to address rural poverty should not only consider agricultural development. They should also consider enhancing the ability of poor rural households to diversify into high return non-farm activities as it supplements their earnings from agriculture and have positive significant effect on their wellbeing. Further, there is need to encourage rural banking scheme with the simple collateral requirement as well as promote cooperative societies, educational programmes, non-farm enterprise activities and community infrastructures.
William Lau
Under the Efficient Market Hypothesis, market price of a particular stock should reflect its fundamental value. However, there are always exceptional cases. For instance, the stock price of Petrochina (857) has remained at $1.xx for more than a year, but its price has doubled within a few months just after Warren E. Buffett purchased it. In this paper, we searched for an appropriate regression model to compare and predict the stock prices of three petroleum-related business enterprise listed in Hong Kong Stock Exchange Market but based in China, which are Sinopec Corp. (386), Petro China Company Limited (857), CNOOC Limited (883). By figuring out the relevant independent factors such as Hang Seng Index, H-Share Index, etc., we formed a relevant regression model to evaluate the current price and to forecast the future price of these stocks.
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