M. K. Botre and V. M. Phalle
During two decades, growth in the field of computer aided engineering has seen very extensive. Due to which many industries get considerable benefits of it. Use of finite element tools allow new innovative and efficient products and avoid actual experimental analysis of each component. This article is deals with study of linear and nonlinear characteristics of a component and design of experiments. The component is selected for study is critical single point failure item (CSPFI) from maneuvering assembly whose function to control wind flapper motion. In maneuvering assembly, there are subassemblies which are connected in parallel connection. Parallel subassemblies connection avoids failure of whole assembly on failure of one of the subassembly. But these subassemblies are connected to common component. This component’s failure results in failure of all subassemblies. Hence this component is selected as CSPFI component of maneuvering assembly.The component is studied on CAE software ANSYS. Different Materials with linear and nonlinear characteristics are studied individually. Simultaneously analysis is done for weight reduction and titanium sleeve at maximum stress. Boundary condition is applied on component and force is varied as input parameter, while maximum stress and deformation is evaluated for each force load as results. Linear static analysis deals with engineering stress & strain, while nonlinear analysis deals with true stress & strain.
Nishant S. Kulkarni and V. K. Tripathi
A laminated composite is usually tailored according to the designer’s needs by choosing the thickness, number and orientation of the lamina. Tailoring of the composite material properties through selective choice of orientation, number of plies and stacking sequence of the layer is often used for fabrication of composite laminates. The properties like strength, stiffness, weight, fatigue life, wear resistance etc., which can be improved with the use of composite material are conflicting in nature and in structural design problem designer may require to improve one or more properties simultaneously. These characteristics have motivated the use of multi objective optimization methods for a more systematic optimization process. Various researchers have done optimization of laminated composite plate for different objective functions using different failure theories subjected to various loading conditions. The efforts taken by different researchers in this regard are explored in this paper.
B Kumar Abinash, Purushottam Bharadwaj, Shailiza Mayal,
Electricity expenditure comprises a significant fraction of the total operating cost in colleges. Hence, we have to reduce electricity cost as much as possible. These days, it’s not really about efficiency. Energy-efficient appliances have helped reduce overall electricity demand, but still this problem remains. Most students get out of bed, leave for college, and return hostel at roughly the same time of day. An no surprise their schedules dictate their energy use, which tends to peak in the late afternoon on weekdays, after 4pm or so, when college is still open and students are also returning back to hostels from college, turning on their PCs, laptops, speakers, fans, tube lights and many other appliances. These resulting surges in demand almost double the amount of energy flowing through the power grid in a matter of minutes. But during all this time the washrooms and toilets lights and exhaust fans are working 24x7 even when they are not required. This further leads to wastage of electricity. So, we have optimized the use of washroom tube lights and exhaust fans using a timer based board. Hence, in this proposal we are proposing timer based automatic lighting system for reducing the electricity wastage in the washrooms and improving the hygienic condition of the washrooms by implementing the automatic flushing system in the same.
Ashwini P. Jadhav, S. B. Takale, S.D. Lokhande
MobileThe widespread applications of Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) have lead to the development of many protocols in this field. Routing protocols for ad hoc networks have generally ignored channel fading. This paper proposes a routing protocol which calculates the channels non-fading duration for routing which attempts to minimize packet loss due to fading and also reuse the path with some security mechanisms to increase the throughput. The Channel Aware - Ad hoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector (CA-AOMDV) used for channel average non-fading duration as the routing metric. In future by calculating ANFD for every channel within the network we can make a database which consists of information about ANFD of all the channels within the network and by using Artificial Intelligence we can implement the same. The Channel Aware - Ad hoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector (CA-AOMDV) is used for increasing throughput and packet delivery ratio. The NS-2 is used to perform both the simulation and evaluation of the performance of proposed protocol and to compare it with existing protocols. The simulation result demonstrates improvement in the throughput, packet delivery ratio and end to end comparison on routing.
Inamdar M U and Ravikant Sinha
In this paper, we present a novel extension technique to the Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) based image compression with spatial scalability. The present modification and the preprocessing techniques provide significantly better quality (both subjectively and objectively) reconstruction at the decoder with little additional computational complexity. There are two proposals for this paper. Firstly, we propose a pre-processing scheme, called Zero-Shifting, that brings the spatial values in signed integer range without changing the dynamic ranges, so that the transformed coefficient calculation becomes more consistent. For that reason, we have to modify the initialization step of the SPIHT algorithms. The experiments demonstrate a significant improvement in visual quality and faster encoding and decoding than the original one. Secondly, we incorporate the idea to facilitate resolution scalable decoding (not incorporated in original SPIHT) by rearranging the order of the encoded output bit stream. During the sorting pass of the SPIHT algorithm, we model the transformed coefficient based on the probability of significance, at a fixed threshold of the offspring. Calling it a fixed context model and generating a Huffman code for each context, we achieve comparable compression efficiency to that of arithmetic coder, but with much less computational complexity and processing time.
Pragya Pandey and L K Wani
In this paper a new scheme is proposed for progressive image transmission over coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system with Low Density Parity Check Coding (LDPC). Trigonometric transforms are used in this scheme for improving the performance of the OFDM systems and reducing the Peak to- Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of OFDM signal. It improves the error resilience ability and transmission efficiency for progressive image transmission over Additive White Gaussian Noise (A WGN) channel. The Set Partitioning In Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) algorithm is used for source coding of the images to be transmitted. In the proposed scheme the transmit data sequence of the OFDM signal after Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) is grouped into in-phase and in-quadrature components, then each component is transformed using either the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) or the Discrete Sine Transform (DST). The simulation results show that adding the DST to the system improves the visual quality of reconstructed images and reduces the PAPR of OFDM signal more than the DCT.
Kalpana More and Jyoti Rao
This paper presents the comparative study of steganographic techniques used in digital images. Steganography is used for increasing the security of message send over the internet. Undetectability, robustness and capacity of hidden data are the main factors that separate it from watermarking and cryptography. Whereas the reducing distortion between cover object and stego object is the major issue for steganography.
Sagar Shinde, Rajkumar, Yelalwar
In The FSS screen design is proposed for improving the gain of the antenna at frequency 4.8 GHz. Gain improvement of about 3 dB is achieved . The band rejection property of the frequency selective surface is used to enhance the gain of the antenna.
Rajendra S. Navale and Vaishali S. Deshmukh
The collaborative and low-cost nature of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) brings significant advantages over traditional communication technologies used in today’s many applications. The topology control, wherein nodes adjust their transmission ranges to conserve energy and reduce interference, It is an important feature in wireless ad hoc networks. The reduction of interference is consequently considered one of the foremost goals of topology control. Almost all of the related work however considers this issue implicitly: Low interference is often claimed to be a consequence of sparseness or low degree of the constructed topologies. Topology control plays an important role in the design of wireless ad hoc and sensor networks; it is capable of constructing networks that have desirable characteristics such as sparser connectivity, lower transmission power, and a smaller node degree. In this project, a new joint topology control technique is presented that enhances energy efficiency and reduces radio interference in wireless sensor networks. Each node in the network makes local decisions about its transmission power and the culmination of these local decisions produces a network topology that preserves global connectivity. A new energy efficient algorithm is proposed in this paper and this algorithm improves energy efficiency and reduces interference in wireless sensor network.
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